Methyl carbamate CAS NO.598-55-0

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Methyl carbamate (also called methylurethane, or urethylane) is an organic compound and the simplest ester of carbamic acid (H2NCO2H). It is a colourless solid.[1]

Methyl carbamate is prepared by the reaction of methanol and urea:

CO(NH2)2 + CH3OH → CH3OC(O)NH2 + NH3
It also forms in the reaction of ammonia with methyl chloroformate or dimethyl carbonate.

Safety and occurrence[edit]
Unlike its close relative ethyl carbamate it is not mutagenic in salmonella (it tested negative in the Ames test), but it is mutagenic in Drosophila.[2] Experimental evidence does show that it is a carcinogen in rat, and not carcinogenic in mice. The compound is "known to the state of California to cause cancer" per Proposition 65.[3]

Production, use, and exposure[edit]
The compound was detected in wines preserved with dimethyl dicarbonate.[4]

Methyl carbamate is used primarily in the textile and polymer industries as a reactive intermediate. In the textile industry, it is used in the manufacture of dimethylol methyl carbamate-based resins that are applied on polyester cotton blend fabrics as durable-press finishes. The treated fabrics have good crease-angle retention, resist acid souring in commercial laundries, do not retain chlorine, and have flame-retardant properties. Methyl carbamate also is used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, insecticides, and urethane.[5]

N-Methyl carbamates are widely used as insecticides.[6] They have anticholinesterase activity without a cumulative effect.